Danh sách Từ vựng Học thuật VSTEP B1-B2 theo Chủ đề (Reading & Writing) - Tổng hợp đầy đủ

curriculum

noun

course of study or school program

chương trình giảng dạy

The school board plans to update the current curriculum.

compulsory

adj

required; not optional

bắt buộc

English is a compulsory subject at our school.

assignment

noun

a task or piece of school work

bài tập, nhiệm vụ

There will be one written assignment in every lesson.

tuition fees

noun

money paid for instruction

học phí

Many colleges have raised their tuition fees.

higher education

noun

education beyond high school (college/university)

giáo dục đại học

I want to pursue higher education in the UK.

scholarship

noun

money awarded to a student to pay for studies

học bổng

She received a scholarship to study abroad.

innovation

noun

a new idea or method

sự đổi mới, sáng kiến

The innovation in renewable energy has changed how we generate power.

breakthrough

noun

an important discovery or achievement

bước đột phá

The latest breakthrough in nanotechnology led to new materials.

cutting-edge

adj

very advanced; newest state-of-the-art

tiên tiến, mới nhất

Facial recognition is a cutting-edge technology on smartphones.

cybersecurity

noun

protection of computer systems/networks

an ninh mạng

Strong cybersecurity measures are essential in the digital age.

outdated

adj

old-fashioned; no longer useful

lỗi thời

The old computer system is outdated and needs upgrading.

global warming

noun

rise in Earth’s average temperature

hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu

Global warming poses significant environmental challenges.

conservation

noun

protection and preservation (of nature)

sự bảo tồn

The government implements wildlife conservation measures.

deforestation

noun

the act of cutting down forests

sự phá rừng

Two-thirds of the region has been lost due to deforestation.

greenhouse gas

noun

gas that traps heat in the atmosphere

khí nhà kính

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is vital to combat climate change.

carbon footprint

noun

amount of carbon dioxide emitted by a person or group

dấu chân các-bon (lượng CO₂)

Using public transport helps reduce your carbon footprint.

symptom

noun

a sign of illness or problem (in the body)

triệu chứng

The symptoms of the illness started last week.

disease

noun

illness; sickness (often serious)

bệnh tật

This disease is very rare.

infection

noun

invasion of the body by germs

sự nhiễm trùng

The infection spread rapidly through the community.

vaccine

noun

a substance used to protect against disease

vắc-xin

The vaccine is effective against the virus.

epidemic

noun

a widespread outbreak of a disease

bệnh dịch

Since childhood obesity affects millions of children, it is considered an epidemic.

journalist

noun

a person who writes or reports news

nhà báo

She works as a journalist for a national newspaper.

headline

noun

the title of a news article

tiêu đề (bài báo)

The newspaper’s front-page headline grabbed attention.

audience

noun

the readers, viewers, or listeners

khán/thính giả, độc giả

The TV show has a large audience of young adults.

editor

noun

person in charge of revising or selecting content

biên tập viên

The editor corrected errors before the article was published.

broadcast

noun

a TV or radio program; a transmission

chương trình phát sóng

The live broadcast of the debate attracted many viewers.

colleague

noun

a co-worker; person you work with

đồng nghiệp

My colleague is very friendly and helpful.

deadline

noun

a date or time by which something must be completed

hạn chót

We have to meet the project deadline by Friday.

promotion

noun

advancement to a higher position or rank

sự thăng chức

He got a promotion to manager last month.

salary

noun

fixed regular payment for work

tiền lương

She earns a high salary at her new job.

resignation

noun

the act of quitting a job or position

sự từ chức

His sudden resignation surprised everyone at the company.

discrimination

noun

unfair treatment of people (based on group/category)

sự phân biệt đối xử

Discrimination on the basis of race or gender is unacceptable.

poverty

noun

the state of being extremely poor

nghèo đói

Efforts are being made to reduce poverty by creating jobs.

unemployment

noun

the state of not having a job (joblessness)

nạn thất nghiệp

The economic downturn left many people unemployed.

overpopulated

adj

having too many people (crowded)

dân cư quá đông

The overpopulated city faces housing and traffic challenges.

standard of living

noun phrase

level of wealth and comfort in daily life

mức sống

Improving the standard of living for citizens is a priority.

academic

adj

related to education or scholarly pursuits

thuộc học thuật, học tập

The academic year starts in September.

diploma

noun

a certificate for completing a course of study

văn bằng, chứng chỉ

He has a diploma in hotel management.

compulsory

adj

required by rules (mandatory)

bắt buộc

Secondary education is compulsory in many countries.

scholarship

noun

financial award to support a student’s education

học bổng

Obtaining a scholarship can ease the burden of tuition fees.

utilize

verb

to use something effectively

tận dụng, sử dụng

We should utilize technology to enhance learning.

automation

noun

use of machines to perform tasks (reducing human labor)

sự tự động hóa

Many jobs are at risk due to increasing automation.

efficient

adj

achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort

hiệu quả (tối ưu)

New devices make data processing more efficient.

optimize

verb

to make as effective or functional as possible

tối ưu hóa

Users can delete files to optimize computer performance.

climate change

noun

long-term changes in global climate

biến đổi khí hậu

Climate change is causing more frequent extreme weather events.

sustainable

adj

able to be maintained without harming future resources

bền vững

The company adopts sustainable practices to protect the environment.

eco-friendly

adj

not harmful to the environment

thân thiện với môi trường

They use eco-friendly bags instead of plastic.

biodiversity

noun

the variety of living species in an environment

đa dạng sinh học

Protecting forests helps preserve biodiversity, which is vital for ecosystems.

renewable

adj

able to be replenished or used again (often about energy)

có thể tái tạo

Solar and wind power are renewable energy sources.

obesity

noun

the condition of being extremely overweight

béo phì

Obesity is a major health concern in many societies.

mental health

noun

a person’s psychological and emotional well-being

sức khỏe tinh thần

Mental health is as important as physical health.

balanced diet

noun

an eating plan with proper amounts of all food groups

chế độ ăn cân bằng

A balanced diet includes foods from all five food groups.

nutrition

noun

the process of obtaining and using food for health

dinh dưỡng

Good nutrition is essential for children’s growth and development.

immune system

noun

the body’s defense system against illnesses

hệ miễn dịch

A strong immune system helps fight off infections.

mass media

noun

media (TV, newspapers, internet) reaching a large audience

phương tiện truyền thông đại chúng

The mass media have a powerful influence on public opinion.

commercial

noun

an advertisement on TV or radio

quảng cáo (trên TV, đài)

We mute the TV during commercials because they are too loud.

censorship

noun

the act or policy of suppressing unacceptable content

kiểm duyệt

State censorship of the media can limit free information flow.

bias

noun

an unfair preference or prejudice

sự thiên lệch, thành kiến

Media outlets must avoid bias when reporting news.

social media

noun

online platforms for social networking and content sharing

mạng xã hội

Social media platforms have changed how we communicate.

job satisfaction

noun

fulfillment or happiness in one’s job

sự hài lòng trong công việc

Job satisfaction is essential for employee productivity.

networking

noun

building professional social contacts

mạng lưới quan hệ (công việc)

Networking is important for career advancement.

negotiation

noun

discussion aimed at reaching an agreement

sự đàm phán

Good negotiation skills are vital in business deals.

benefit

noun

an advantage or extra compensation (often from employer)

phúc lợi (lợi ích thêm)

The job offers great benefits like health insurance.

workplace

noun

a place where people work (office, etc.)

nơi làm việc

We have a friendly workplace environment.

policy

noun

a course of action or principle adopted by a government or organization

chính sách

The government implemented a new environmental policy.

equality

noun

the state of being equal, especially in rights or status

sự bình đẳng

The law aims to promote gender equality in the workplace.

infrastructure

noun

basic public systems and facilities (e.g. transport, power)

cơ sở hạ tầng

Rapid urbanization can lead to infrastructure challenges in cities.

initiative

noun

a new plan or program to solve a problem

sáng kiến, chương trình (hành động)

The city launched an initiative to improve public transportation.